{
  "schemaVersion": 1,
  "generatedAt": "2026-08-23T00:00:00.000Z",
  "title": "Germany Makes the Most Ice Cream. But Its Lead Is Melting.",
  "source": {
    "file": "content/data/ice-cream/raw/EU_Ice_Cream_Schym_Light_Package_2026-08-23.zip",
    "sha256": "170cd34a10e140044df22e6b74400c9e3d171b05964bcbf40c5e4f545740a3ea",
    "retrievalDate": "2026-08-23",
    "license": "Eurostat copyright and reuse policy",
    "release": "https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/products-eurostat-news/w/ddn-20260819-1",
    "datasets": {
      "production2025": "DS-059367 / CPA 2.2 / PRODCOM 10521000",
      "productionHistory": "DS-059358 / PRODCOM 10521000",
      "extraEuTrade": "DS-045409 / CN 2105"
    }
  },
  "units": {
    "productionQuantity": "litres",
    "tradeQuantity": "kilograms",
    "value": "current euros"
  },
  "headline": {
    "retrieval_date": "2026-08-23",
    "product_prodcom": "10521000",
    "product_cn": "2105",
    "eu_total_litres": 3441272988,
    "eu_total_billion_litres": 3.441272988,
    "eu_production_value_eur": 8128615061,
    "eu_average_production_value_eur_per_litre": 2.3620953900911505,
    "cr3_pct": 48.861026860214906,
    "cr5_pct": 70.09798006178985,
    "disclosed_share_pct": 78.97686444746533,
    "confidential_residual_litres": 723463485,
    "confidential_residual_pct": 21.023135552534665,
    "hhi_lower_0_10000": 1112.6409028841301,
    "hhi_upper_0_10000": 1491.474241564342,
    "hhi_assumption": "Mechanical bounds: residual split evenly across seven confidential countries versus concentrated in one; exempt microstates excluded.",
    "germany_2010_2025_growth_pct": 4.038995140733204,
    "eu_2010_2025_growth_pct": 34.56689849257155,
    "italy_2010_2025_growth_pct": 32.073528125887954,
    "germany_share_2010_pct": 22.840596157617092,
    "germany_share_2025_pct": 17.658968879222204,
    "germany_share_change_pp": -5.181627278394888,
    "italy_share_2010_pct": 16.253376052701505,
    "italy_share_2025_pct": 15.952219626698211,
    "germany_italy_gap_2025_litres": 58733901,
    "italy_required_growth_if_germany_repeats_0_2_pct": 10.920531631641062,
    "api_extra_eu_exports_2025_kg": 290100374,
    "release_extra_eu_exports_2025_kg": 289800000
  },
  "charts": {
    "ranking": [
      {
        "country": "Germany",
        "production_litres": 607693326,
        "production_m_litres": 607.693326,
        "share_pct": 17.658969
      },
      {
        "country": "Italy",
        "production_litres": 548959425,
        "production_m_litres": 548.959425,
        "share_pct": 15.95222
      },
      {
        "country": "France",
        "production_litres": 524788568,
        "production_m_litres": 524.788568,
        "share_pct": 15.249838
      },
      {
        "country": "Spain",
        "production_litres": 457236000,
        "production_m_litres": 457.236,
        "share_pct": 13.286827
      },
      {
        "country": "Belgium",
        "production_litres": 273585534,
        "production_m_litres": 273.585534,
        "share_pct": 7.950126
      },
      {
        "country": "Other disclosed",
        "production_litres": 305546650,
        "production_m_litres": 305.54665,
        "share_pct": 8.878884
      },
      {
        "country": "Confidential residual",
        "production_litres": 723463485,
        "production_m_litres": 723.463485,
        "share_pct": 21.023136
      }
    ],
    "shares": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "DE": 584101495,
        "EU27_2020": 2557295313,
        "FR": 442023422,
        "IT": 415646824,
        "DE_share_pct": 22.840596,
        "IT_share_pct": 16.253376,
        "FR_share_pct": 17.28480163213751,
        "DE_IT_gap_m_litres": 168.454671
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "DE": 589471797,
        "EU27_2020": 2645810396,
        "FR": 436997645,
        "IT": 427018077,
        "DE_share_pct": 22.279442,
        "IT_share_pct": 16.139406,
        "FR_share_pct": 16.516589611283695,
        "DE_IT_gap_m_litres": 162.45372
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "DE": 581070381,
        "EU27_2020": 2650903573,
        "FR": 439782778,
        "IT": 469507785,
        "DE_share_pct": 21.91971,
        "IT_share_pct": 17.711236,
        "FR_share_pct": 16.589919847680555,
        "DE_IT_gap_m_litres": 111.562596
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "DE": 579129898,
        "EU27_2020": 2718279588,
        "FR": 410476277,
        "IT": 489649032,
        "DE_share_pct": 21.305016,
        "IT_share_pct": 18.013196,
        "FR_share_pct": 15.100590785880557,
        "DE_IT_gap_m_litres": 89.480866
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "DE": 587449206,
        "EU27_2020": 2683534714,
        "FR": 410892765,
        "IT": 430737190,
        "DE_share_pct": 21.890874,
        "IT_share_pct": 16.051113,
        "FR_share_pct": 15.311624733467115,
        "DE_IT_gap_m_litres": 156.712016
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "DE": 540358969,
        "EU27_2020": 2801138431,
        "FR": 455071726,
        "IT": 486162862,
        "DE_share_pct": 19.290691,
        "IT_share_pct": 17.355903,
        "FR_share_pct": 16.245956321321128,
        "DE_IT_gap_m_litres": 54.196107
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "DE": 514971900,
        "EU27_2020": 2975312207,
        "FR": 450693917,
        "IT": 585355939,
        "DE_share_pct": 17.308163,
        "IT_share_pct": 19.673765,
        "FR_share_pct": 15.147785699250486,
        "DE_IT_gap_m_litres": -70.384039
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "DE": 517491328,
        "EU27_2020": 2868236050,
        "FR": 454701496,
        "IT": 501491103,
        "DE_share_pct": 18.042146,
        "IT_share_pct": 17.484304,
        "FR_share_pct": 15.85300122003557,
        "DE_IT_gap_m_litres": 16.000225
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "DE": 493945671,
        "EU27_2020": 2872117577,
        "FR": 450600078,
        "IT": 435463054,
        "DE_share_pct": 17.197961,
        "IT_share_pct": 15.161742,
        "FR_share_pct": 15.688775473832212,
        "DE_IT_gap_m_litres": 58.482617
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "DE": 634748164,
        "EU27_2020": 3183496921,
        "FR": 515574147,
        "IT": 553519013,
        "DE_share_pct": 19.938708,
        "IT_share_pct": 17.387138,
        "FR_share_pct": 16.195214250059582,
        "DE_IT_gap_m_litres": 81.229151
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "DE": 641662172,
        "EU27_2020": 2993210689,
        "FR": null,
        "IT": 509419438,
        "DE_share_pct": 21.437254,
        "IT_share_pct": 17.019164,
        "FR_share_pct": null,
        "DE_IT_gap_m_litres": 132.242734
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "DE": 613966539,
        "EU27_2020": 3037499095,
        "FR": 530984341,
        "IT": 381113331,
        "DE_share_pct": 20.212896,
        "IT_share_pct": 12.546945,
        "FR_share_pct": 17.48097116717001,
        "DE_IT_gap_m_litres": 232.853208
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "DE": 620027771,
        "EU27_2020": 3264505082,
        "FR": 587701447,
        "IT": 571159912,
        "DE_share_pct": 18.99301,
        "IT_share_pct": 17.496064,
        "FR_share_pct": 18.00277323017505,
        "DE_IT_gap_m_litres": 48.867859
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "DE": 612431260,
        "EU27_2020": 3162095893,
        "FR": 501917632,
        "IT": 527184775,
        "DE_share_pct": 19.36789,
        "IT_share_pct": 16.672005,
        "FR_share_pct": 15.872941523092512,
        "DE_IT_gap_m_litres": 85.246485
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "DE": 606531925,
        "EU27_2020": 3375676794,
        "FR": 502328356,
        "IT": 492288207,
        "DE_share_pct": 17.967713,
        "IT_share_pct": 14.583393,
        "FR_share_pct": 14.880819066945305,
        "DE_IT_gap_m_litres": 114.243718
      },
      {
        "year": 2025,
        "DE": 607693326,
        "EU27_2020": 3441272988,
        "FR": 524788568,
        "IT": 548959425,
        "DE_share_pct": 17.658969,
        "IT_share_pct": 15.95222,
        "FR_share_pct": 15.24983835429449,
        "DE_IT_gap_m_litres": 58.733901
      }
    ],
    "growth": [
      {
        "country": "Italy",
        "growth_pct": 10
      },
      {
        "country": "Belgium",
        "growth_pct": 6
      },
      {
        "country": "France",
        "growth_pct": 4
      },
      {
        "country": "Spain",
        "growth_pct": 2
      },
      {
        "country": "Germany",
        "growth_pct": 0.2
      }
    ],
    "ranks": [
      {
        "country": "Belgium",
        "production_volume_rank_disclosed": 5,
        "export_volume_rank": 3,
        "production_value_rank_disclosed": 5,
        "export_value_rank": 4
      },
      {
        "country": "Germany",
        "production_volume_rank_disclosed": 1,
        "export_volume_rank": 4,
        "production_value_rank_disclosed": 3,
        "export_value_rank": 3
      },
      {
        "country": "Spain",
        "production_volume_rank_disclosed": 4,
        "export_volume_rank": 7,
        "production_value_rank_disclosed": 4,
        "export_value_rank": 6
      },
      {
        "country": "France",
        "production_volume_rank_disclosed": 3,
        "export_volume_rank": 1,
        "production_value_rank_disclosed": 1,
        "export_value_rank": 1
      },
      {
        "country": "Italy",
        "production_volume_rank_disclosed": 2,
        "export_volume_rank": 2,
        "production_value_rank_disclosed": 2,
        "export_value_rank": 2
      }
    ],
    "profiles": [
      {
        "reporter": "AT",
        "year": 2025,
        "production_litres": 1762885,
        "classification": "CPA 2.2 / PRODCOM 2025",
        "production_value_eur": 15898000,
        "quantity_flag": ":",
        "value_flag": ":",
        "country": "Austria",
        "production_m_litres": 1.762885,
        "value_eur_per_litre": 9.018172,
        "export_kg": 183171,
        "export_value_eur": 1281511,
        "export_m_kg": 0.183171,
        "export_value_m_eur": 1.281511,
        "export_unit_value_eur_per_kg": 6.996255,
        "export_volume_rank": 22,
        "export_value_rank": 22,
        "production_volume_rank_disclosed": 16,
        "production_value_rank_disclosed": 16,
        "extra_eu_export_value_to_production_value_pct": 8.060832
      },
      {
        "reporter": "BE",
        "year": 2025,
        "production_litres": 273585534,
        "classification": "CPA 2.2 / PRODCOM 2025",
        "production_value_eur": 455586000,
        "quantity_flag": ":",
        "value_flag": ":",
        "country": "Belgium",
        "production_m_litres": 273.585534,
        "value_eur_per_litre": 1.665242,
        "export_kg": 34730594,
        "export_value_eur": 113669681,
        "export_m_kg": 34.730594,
        "export_value_m_eur": 113.669681,
        "export_unit_value_eur_per_kg": 3.272898,
        "export_volume_rank": 3,
        "export_value_rank": 4,
        "production_volume_rank_disclosed": 5,
        "production_value_rank_disclosed": 5,
        "extra_eu_export_value_to_production_value_pct": 24.950214
      },
      {
        "reporter": "BG",
        "year": 2025,
        "production_litres": 10100160,
        "classification": "CPA 2.2 / PRODCOM 2025",
        "production_value_eur": 28387948,
        "quantity_flag": ":",
        "value_flag": ":",
        "country": "Bulgaria",
        "production_m_litres": 10.10016,
        "value_eur_per_litre": 2.810643,
        "export_kg": 318480,
        "export_value_eur": 2290366,
        "export_m_kg": 0.31848,
        "export_value_m_eur": 2.290366,
        "export_unit_value_eur_per_kg": 7.191554,
        "export_volume_rank": 20,
        "export_value_rank": 21,
        "production_volume_rank_disclosed": 14,
        "production_value_rank_disclosed": 15,
        "extra_eu_export_value_to_production_value_pct": 8.068093
      },
      {
        "reporter": "CZ",
        "year": 2025,
        "production_litres": 65108000,
        "classification": "CPA 2.2 / PRODCOM 2025",
        "production_value_eur": 114770820,
        "quantity_flag": ":",
        "value_flag": ":",
        "country": "Czechia",
        "production_m_litres": 65.108,
        "value_eur_per_litre": 1.762776,
        "export_kg": 1404210,
        "export_value_eur": 6302787,
        "export_m_kg": 1.40421,
        "export_value_m_eur": 6.302787,
        "export_unit_value_eur_per_kg": 4.488493,
        "export_volume_rank": 17,
        "export_value_rank": 18,
        "production_volume_rank_disclosed": 6,
        "production_value_rank_disclosed": 8,
        "extra_eu_export_value_to_production_value_pct": 5.491628
      },
      {
        "reporter": "DE",
        "year": 2025,
        "production_litres": 607693326,
        "classification": "CPA 2.2 / PRODCOM 2025",
        "production_value_eur": 1263153000,
        "quantity_flag": ":",
        "value_flag": ":",
        "country": "Germany",
        "production_m_litres": 607.693326,
        "value_eur_per_litre": 2.078603,
        "export_kg": 29878449,
        "export_value_eur": 125147210,
        "export_m_kg": 29.878449,
        "export_value_m_eur": 125.14721,
        "export_unit_value_eur_per_kg": 4.188544,
        "export_volume_rank": 4,
        "export_value_rank": 3,
        "production_volume_rank_disclosed": 1,
        "production_value_rank_disclosed": 3,
        "extra_eu_export_value_to_production_value_pct": 9.907526
      },
      {
        "reporter": "DK",
        "year": 2025,
        "production_litres": 20590044,
        "classification": "CPA 2.2 / PRODCOM 2025",
        "production_value_eur": 109723986,
        "quantity_flag": ":",
        "value_flag": ":",
        "country": "Denmark",
        "production_m_litres": 20.590044,
        "value_eur_per_litre": 5.328983,
        "export_kg": 1270061,
        "export_value_eur": 8367789,
        "export_m_kg": 1.270061,
        "export_value_m_eur": 8.367789,
        "export_unit_value_eur_per_kg": 6.588494,
        "export_volume_rank": 18,
        "export_value_rank": 17,
        "production_volume_rank_disclosed": 11,
        "production_value_rank_disclosed": 9,
        "extra_eu_export_value_to_production_value_pct": 7.626217
      },
      {
        "reporter": "EE",
        "year": 2025,
        "production_litres": 16302941,
        "classification": "CPA 2.2 / PRODCOM 2025",
        "production_value_eur": 41884000,
        "quantity_flag": ":",
        "value_flag": ":",
        "country": "Estonia",
        "production_m_litres": 16.302941,
        "value_eur_per_litre": 2.569107,
        "export_kg": 202535,
        "export_value_eur": 2383418,
        "export_m_kg": 0.202535,
        "export_value_m_eur": 2.383418,
        "export_unit_value_eur_per_kg": 11.767931,
        "export_volume_rank": 21,
        "export_value_rank": 20,
        "production_volume_rank_disclosed": 13,
        "production_value_rank_disclosed": 13,
        "extra_eu_export_value_to_production_value_pct": 5.690521
      },
      {
        "reporter": "ES",
        "year": 2025,
        "production_litres": 457236000,
        "classification": "CPA 2.2 / PRODCOM 2025",
        "production_value_eur": 1175609000,
        "quantity_flag": ":",
        "value_flag": ":",
        "country": "Spain",
        "production_m_litres": 457.236,
        "value_eur_per_litre": 2.571121,
        "export_kg": 14594862,
        "export_value_eur": 91371713,
        "export_m_kg": 14.594862,
        "export_value_m_eur": 91.371713,
        "export_unit_value_eur_per_kg": 6.26054,
        "export_volume_rank": 7,
        "export_value_rank": 6,
        "production_volume_rank_disclosed": 4,
        "production_value_rank_disclosed": 4,
        "extra_eu_export_value_to_production_value_pct": 7.772288
      },
      {
        "reporter": "FI",
        "year": 2025,
        "production_litres": 30834795,
        "classification": "CPA 2.2 / PRODCOM 2025",
        "production_value_eur": 118516000,
        "quantity_flag": ":",
        "value_flag": ":",
        "country": "Finland",
        "production_m_litres": 30.834795,
        "value_eur_per_litre": 3.84358,
        "export_kg": 17721,
        "export_value_eur": 153525,
        "export_m_kg": 0.017721,
        "export_value_m_eur": 0.153525,
        "export_unit_value_eur_per_kg": 8.66345,
        "export_volume_rank": 25,
        "export_value_rank": 24,
        "production_volume_rank_disclosed": 9,
        "production_value_rank_disclosed": 7,
        "extra_eu_export_value_to_production_value_pct": 0.129539
      },
      {
        "reporter": "FR",
        "year": 2025,
        "production_litres": 524788568,
        "classification": "CPA 2.2 / PRODCOM 2025",
        "production_value_eur": 1396279000,
        "quantity_flag": ":",
        "value_flag": ":",
        "country": "France",
        "production_m_litres": 524.788568,
        "value_eur_per_litre": 2.660651,
        "export_kg": 59132116,
        "export_value_eur": 313269479,
        "export_m_kg": 59.132116,
        "export_value_m_eur": 313.269479,
        "export_unit_value_eur_per_kg": 5.297789,
        "export_volume_rank": 1,
        "export_value_rank": 1,
        "production_volume_rank_disclosed": 3,
        "production_value_rank_disclosed": 1,
        "extra_eu_export_value_to_production_value_pct": 22.436023
      },
      {
        "reporter": "GR",
        "year": 2025,
        "production_litres": 57472369,
        "classification": "CPA 2.2 / PRODCOM 2025",
        "production_value_eur": 187850000,
        "quantity_flag": ":",
        "value_flag": ":",
        "country": "Greece",
        "production_m_litres": 57.472369,
        "value_eur_per_litre": 3.268527,
        "export_kg": 3530803,
        "export_value_eur": 14045114,
        "export_m_kg": 3.530803,
        "export_value_m_eur": 14.045114,
        "export_unit_value_eur_per_kg": 3.977881,
        "export_volume_rank": 14,
        "export_value_rank": 13,
        "production_volume_rank_disclosed": 7,
        "production_value_rank_disclosed": 6,
        "extra_eu_export_value_to_production_value_pct": 7.476771
      },
      {
        "reporter": "HR",
        "year": 2025,
        "production_litres": 27679200,
        "classification": "CPA 2.2 / PRODCOM 2025",
        "production_value_eur": 100980000,
        "quantity_flag": ":",
        "value_flag": ":",
        "country": "Croatia",
        "production_m_litres": 27.6792,
        "value_eur_per_litre": 3.648227,
        "export_kg": 6664146,
        "export_value_eur": 22614868,
        "export_m_kg": 6.664146,
        "export_value_m_eur": 22.614868,
        "export_unit_value_eur_per_kg": 3.393513,
        "export_volume_rank": 10,
        "export_value_rank": 11,
        "production_volume_rank_disclosed": 10,
        "production_value_rank_disclosed": 10,
        "extra_eu_export_value_to_production_value_pct": 22.395393
      },
      {
        "reporter": "IE",
        "year": 2025,
        "production_litres": 6297648,
        "classification": "CPA 2.2 / PRODCOM 2025",
        "production_value_eur": 33946000,
        "quantity_flag": ":",
        "value_flag": ":",
        "country": "Ireland",
        "production_m_litres": 6.297648,
        "value_eur_per_litre": 5.390266,
        "export_kg": 6964193,
        "export_value_eur": 23738534,
        "export_m_kg": 6.964193,
        "export_value_m_eur": 23.738534,
        "export_unit_value_eur_per_kg": 3.408655,
        "export_volume_rank": 9,
        "export_value_rank": 10,
        "production_volume_rank_disclosed": 15,
        "production_value_rank_disclosed": 14,
        "extra_eu_export_value_to_production_value_pct": 69.930283
      },
      {
        "reporter": "IT",
        "year": 2025,
        "production_litres": 548959425,
        "classification": "CPA 2.2 / PRODCOM 2025",
        "production_value_eur": 1360301000,
        "quantity_flag": ":",
        "value_flag": ":",
        "country": "Italy",
        "production_m_litres": 548.959425,
        "value_eur_per_litre": 2.477963,
        "export_kg": 55189669,
        "export_value_eur": 200078367,
        "export_m_kg": 55.189669,
        "export_value_m_eur": 200.078367,
        "export_unit_value_eur_per_kg": 3.625287,
        "export_volume_rank": 2,
        "export_value_rank": 2,
        "production_volume_rank_disclosed": 2,
        "production_value_rank_disclosed": 2,
        "extra_eu_export_value_to_production_value_pct": 14.708389
      },
      {
        "reporter": "LT",
        "year": 2025,
        "production_litres": 48887584,
        "classification": "CPA 2.2 / PRODCOM 2025",
        "production_value_eur": 92658000,
        "quantity_flag": ":",
        "value_flag": ":",
        "country": "Lithuania",
        "production_m_litres": 48.887584,
        "value_eur_per_litre": 1.895328,
        "export_kg": 3823624,
        "export_value_eur": 13300639,
        "export_m_kg": 3.823624,
        "export_value_m_eur": 13.300639,
        "export_unit_value_eur_per_kg": 3.478543,
        "export_volume_rank": 13,
        "export_value_rank": 14,
        "production_volume_rank_disclosed": 8,
        "production_value_rank_disclosed": 11,
        "extra_eu_export_value_to_production_value_pct": 14.35455
      },
      {
        "reporter": "LV",
        "year": 2025,
        "production_litres": 20246935,
        "classification": "CPA 2.2 / PRODCOM 2025",
        "production_value_eur": 57302000,
        "quantity_flag": ":",
        "value_flag": ":",
        "country": "Latvia",
        "production_m_litres": 20.246935,
        "value_eur_per_litre": 2.830157,
        "export_kg": 458654,
        "export_value_eur": 2689816,
        "export_m_kg": 0.458654,
        "export_value_m_eur": 2.689816,
        "export_unit_value_eur_per_kg": 5.864586,
        "export_volume_rank": 19,
        "export_value_rank": 19,
        "production_volume_rank_disclosed": 12,
        "production_value_rank_disclosed": 12,
        "extra_eu_export_value_to_production_value_pct": 4.694105
      }
    ],
    "intensity": [
      {
        "country": "Belgium",
        "extra_eu_export_value_to_production_value_pct": 24.950214,
        "export_value_m_eur": 113.669681,
        "production_value_eur": 455586000
      },
      {
        "country": "France",
        "extra_eu_export_value_to_production_value_pct": 22.436023,
        "export_value_m_eur": 313.269479,
        "production_value_eur": 1396279000
      },
      {
        "country": "Italy",
        "extra_eu_export_value_to_production_value_pct": 14.708389,
        "export_value_m_eur": 200.078367,
        "production_value_eur": 1360301000
      },
      {
        "country": "Germany",
        "extra_eu_export_value_to_production_value_pct": 9.907526,
        "export_value_m_eur": 125.14721,
        "production_value_eur": 1263153000
      },
      {
        "country": "Spain",
        "extra_eu_export_value_to_production_value_pct": 7.772288,
        "export_value_m_eur": 91.371713,
        "production_value_eur": 1175609000
      }
    ],
    "metrics": {
      "retrieval_date": "2026-08-23",
      "product_prodcom": "10521000",
      "product_cn": "2105",
      "eu_total_litres": 3441272988,
      "eu_total_billion_litres": 3.441272988,
      "eu_production_value_eur": 8128615061,
      "eu_average_production_value_eur_per_litre": 2.3620953900911505,
      "cr3_pct": 48.861026860214906,
      "cr5_pct": 70.09798006178985,
      "disclosed_share_pct": 78.97686444746533,
      "confidential_residual_litres": 723463485,
      "confidential_residual_pct": 21.023135552534665,
      "hhi_lower_0_10000": 1112.6409028841301,
      "hhi_upper_0_10000": 1491.474241564342,
      "hhi_assumption": "Mechanical bounds: residual split evenly across seven confidential countries versus concentrated in one; exempt microstates excluded.",
      "germany_2010_2025_growth_pct": 4.038995140733204,
      "eu_2010_2025_growth_pct": 34.56689849257155,
      "italy_2010_2025_growth_pct": 32.073528125887954,
      "germany_share_2010_pct": 22.840596157617092,
      "germany_share_2025_pct": 17.658968879222204,
      "germany_share_change_pp": -5.181627278394888,
      "italy_share_2010_pct": 16.253376052701505,
      "italy_share_2025_pct": 15.952219626698211,
      "germany_italy_gap_2025_litres": 58733901,
      "italy_required_growth_if_germany_repeats_0_2_pct": 10.920531631641062,
      "api_extra_eu_exports_2025_kg": 290100374,
      "release_extra_eu_exports_2025_kg": 289800000
    }
  },
  "caveats": [
    "Confidential country production is retained as a residual and is never treated as zero.",
    "Production quantity is measured in litres; extra-EU trade quantity is measured in kilograms.",
    "Production value per litre is a factory-gate unit value, not a retail price, margin, or quality score.",
    "The 2025 observation begins CPA 2.2 and may not be perfectly comparable with the 2010-2024 series.",
    "The analysis is descriptive and does not identify causal drivers of production location."
  ]
}
