ESS-14 / Belonging & identity
A passport is not belonging
What is the belonging penalty of perceived discrimination?
PlannedWave 2Research question, not a published result
The question
Compare legal membership with national attachment, trust and wellbeing among people reporting discrimination.
What the analysis will test
- Primary quantity
- Adjusted descriptive belonging gaps by reported discrimination, citizenship and generation.
- Evidence
- ESS rounds 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11. Modules: core.
- Primary comparison
- Legal membership and experienced belonging. The final form depends on validated data and uncertainty.
- Publication threshold
- Pinned source editions, reviewed questionnaire comparability, survey-design-aware intervals, disclosure checks and reproducible aggregate outputs.
What this evidence does not prove
Reported discrimination is not a complete measure of exposure; adjustment does not identify its causal effect.
The ESS interviews different probability samples in each round. It measures structural differences and change, not today's mood or the same individuals over time.
Sources and next release
This page reserves the permanent address for ESS-14. Estimates and downloads will appear here after the data, statistical, editorial and reproducibility checks pass.