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Europe, Measured

ESS-24 / Health, climate & fairness

Equal in which sense?

Do Europeans define fairness as equal outcomes, equal opportunities or rewards for merit?

PlannedWave 2Research question, not a published result

The question

Distinguish moral principles that are often compressed into one word, then test how citizens combine them.

What the analysis will test

Primary quantity
Weighted profiles of equality, opportunity and merit principles.
Evidence
ESS rounds 9. Modules: fairness.
Primary comparison
Fairness profile comparison. The final form depends on validated data and uncertainty.
Publication threshold
Pinned source editions, reviewed questionnaire comparability, survey-design-aware intervals, disclosure checks and reproducible aggregate outputs.

What this evidence does not prove

Respondents may support several principles simultaneously; they are not automatically mutually exclusive shares.

The ESS interviews different probability samples in each round. It measures structural differences and change, not today's mood or the same individuals over time.

Sources and next release

This page reserves the permanent address for ESS-24. Estimates and downloads will appear here after the data, statistical, editorial and reproducibility checks pass.

Series methodology and source register / ESS11 edition 4.2