ESS-11 / Belonging & identity
More welcoming. More divided?
Has Europe become more accepting of immigration while becoming more polarized?
PlannedPilot 3Research question, not a published result
The question
Track average acceptance alongside the shape of opinion, so a more favorable mean cannot conceal greater division.
What the analysis will test
- Primary quantity
- Mean acceptance, dispersion, tail shares and distribution-shape diagnostics in fixed-country samples.
- Evidence
- ESS rounds 1, 7, 11, 12. Modules: core, immigration. Round 12 is a future release target and is not included as observed evidence.
- Primary comparison
- Acceptance-polarization comparison. The final form depends on validated data and uncertainty.
- Publication threshold
- Pinned source editions, reviewed questionnaire comparability, survey-design-aware intervals, disclosure checks and reproducible aggregate outputs.
What this evidence does not prove
Round 12 is a future integration target, not available evidence in this release; mixed-mode and wording reviews precede pooling.
The ESS interviews different probability samples in each round. It measures structural differences and change, not today's mood or the same individuals over time.
Sources and next release
This page reserves the permanent address for ESS-11. Estimates and downloads will appear here after the data, statistical, editorial and reproducibility checks pass.