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Europe, Measured

ESS-02 / The social contract

Democracy's delivery gap

Where is democracy most desired but least delivered?

PlannedFlagshipResearch question, not a published result

The question

Compare the democratic principles citizens value with their assessment of how those principles work in practice.

What the analysis will test

Primary quantity
Importance minus perceived performance for comparable democratic principles.
Evidence
ESS rounds 6, 10. Modules: democracy.
Primary comparison
Democratic promise-gap matrix. The final form depends on validated data and uncertainty.
Publication threshold
Pinned source editions, reviewed questionnaire comparability, survey-design-aware intervals, disclosure checks and reproducible aggregate outputs.

What this evidence does not prove

Perceived democratic performance is not an independent institutional audit; item wording and fieldwork differences require review.

The ESS interviews different probability samples in each round. It measures structural differences and change, not today's mood or the same individuals over time.

Sources and next release

This page reserves the permanent address for ESS-02. Estimates and downloads will appear here after the data, statistical, editorial and reproducibility checks pass.

Series methodology and source register / ESS11 edition 4.2