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Europe, Measured

ESS-03 / The social contract

When the economy loses legitimacy

At what point does economic dissatisfaction become democratic dissatisfaction?

PlannedWave 1Research question, not a published result

The question

Test whether the relationship bends at a threshold, rather than assuming each step of economic discontent has the same political meaning.

What the analysis will test

Primary quantity
Survey-weighted association between economic and democratic satisfaction, allowing nonlinearities.
Evidence
ESS rounds 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11. Modules: core.
Primary comparison
Legitimacy curve with uncertainty. The final form depends on validated data and uncertainty.
Publication threshold
Pinned source editions, reviewed questionnaire comparability, survey-design-aware intervals, disclosure checks and reproducible aggregate outputs.

What this evidence does not prove

A cross-sectional threshold is an association, not evidence that economic dissatisfaction causes democratic disaffection.

The ESS interviews different probability samples in each round. It measures structural differences and change, not today's mood or the same individuals over time.

Sources and next release

This page reserves the permanent address for ESS-03. Estimates and downloads will appear here after the data, statistical, editorial and reproducibility checks pass.

Series methodology and source register / ESS11 edition 4.2